【同义词辨析】 2017-07-10 特殊special-particular
special: stresses having a distinctive quality, character, identity, or use: airline passengers who require ~ meals. (distinctive: 和其它不同并值得肯定,distinct: 也是和其它不同,但没有值得肯定的意思)
especial: may add implications of preeminence or preference: a matter of ~ importance. (preeminent和eminent意思一样都是好到stand out出众的程度,翻译成显著突出,如an eminent scientist一个卓越的科学家)
specific: implies a unique and peculiar relationship to a kind or category or individual: children with ~ nutritional needs. (peculiar表示独特罕见implies uniqueness or rarity, 如an eccentricity peculiar to Britons英国人特有的习惯) (category是类型kind,type等的基础词,很通用,哲学上表示范畴,指所有可能类型possible classes中的一个,因此class比category还要基本通用)
particular: stresses the distinctness of an something as an individual: an Alpine scene of ~ beauty.
individual: implies unequivocal reference to one of a class or group: valued each ~ opinion. (equivocal故意模棱两可deliberate use of language open to differing interpretations,如only gave an equivocal answer只给出模棱两可的答复)
special特殊: 表示性质品质身份用途等和其它不同,especial特别: 比special多了显著优先的意思,specific特有: 表示特有罕见,particular独特: 表示作为个体和其他不同,individual个人个体: 更明确地指明是一个
记忆方法: 1)首字母SESPI想成IS SEP九月,开学季<==特殊
2)特殊的意思是只涉及个别种类或个体mean of or relating to one thing or class.